넥슨스타 그린수소 사업영역-수소생산-수소활용-수소정책

NEXON STAR Green Hydrogen Business Area

Green energy innovation company for the future

• Securing source technology for hydrogen production and self-reliant green energy service

• Establishment of Nexon Star's green energy ecosystem from green hydrogen production to storage, transportation and utilization

• Expansion of facility manufacturing and hydrogen business based on overseas favorable use of renewable energy

• Convergence of ICT and energy blockchain technology Realization of future value of green energy

[ NEXON STAR Green energy ecosystem ]

NEXON STAR develops and completes patent-based water electrolysis stacks and facilities, which are key parts of green water electrolysis facilities, and various types of mobile (for hydrogen electric vehicles, trains, ships, drones), stationary (power plants, Industrial, household) applications are being developed, and a patent that can cover the electricity cost, which accounts for a significant part of the production cost of green hydrogen, with self-reliant renewable energy We are preparing to provide construction and consulting through application for the system and demonstration with business and development partners.

In addition, IT platforms such as CDM, VCM, CHPS, VPP, MRV, RE100 that converge energy block chain technology based on big data of hydrogen business through continuous investment in ICT technology development We are doing business at the same time.

Global Hydrogen Business Environment

Rapid growth of the hydrogen industry through global hydrogen industry support and regulatory policies NEXON STAR completed the establishment of a sales network to advance into overseas markets rich in renewable energy

According to the IEA, Global Hydrogen Review 2021 report, world hydrogen demand will rapidly expand from 90 million tonnes today to reach 520 million tonnes in 2050. The production method is also expected to be rapidly replaced by a method of producing hydrogen using low-emission clean hydrogen, especially water electrolysis technology, from gray hydrogen.

The scope of the hydrogen economy also covers all economic activities such as mobility-centered hydrogen electric vehicles, hydrogen charging stations, fuel cells, hydrogen storage from hydrogen production, decarbonization of the industry as a whole, and carbon-free power generation before 2019. The scale of the global hydrogen market by 2050 is estimated to be $12 trillion, including $2.6 trillion in the EU, $3.5 trillion in the US, and $5.3 trillion in Asia (Mckinsey 2021). In addition, rapid growth is expected as a future industry and next-generation industry.

Each country is implementing bold R&D and subsidy support policies for its own hydrogen industry as a means of securing leadership in the hydrogen economy, improving national energy competitiveness, achieving carbon neutrality, and energy conversion. At the same time as the expansion, cross-border regulatory policies such as the introduction of carbon border taxes are being introduced, and a voluntary consultative body of global companies such as Google and Apple has set a goal of 100% renewable energy use by 2030. It declares RE100 as a goal and is demanding the expansion of renewable energy for companies that do business with it.

NEXON STAR expects that government support policies and regulatory policies will all lead to rapid growth in the hydrogen industry, and plans to increase market entry and market share with global technological competitiveness.

In particular, in the case of Korea, the clean hydrogen self-sufficiency rate is 34% in 2030 and 60% in 2050 due to the limitations of renewable energy generation due to climate and regional characteristics (Korea 1kw / 160 won, Saudi Arabia and Australia 1kw / 20 won). Taking this into account, we have already established a sales network in the UAE, Europe, Malaysia, etc. for several years in order to enter overseas regions where renewable energy development is advantageous. Together, we have continuously shared the development progress of water electrolysis stacks and facilities.

NEXON STAR has secured overseas local manufacturing facilities through joint ventures with overseas local companies, established hydrogen production complexes, exported hydrogen, and built and operated complex charging stations. We are building an overseas hydrogen business portfolio.

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Domestic Hydrogen Business Environment

Fostering the hydrogen industry with 12 national strategic technologies (securing water electrolysis source technology, demonstration and localization of parts) NEXON STAR expands original patent-based business in the rapidly expanding water electrolysis market

12 national strategic technologies

[ Source: Ministry of Science and ICT 22.10.28 -
National Strategic Technology Fostering Plan ]

In Korea, to revitalize the hydrogen economy at the government-wide level, the 5th Hydrogen Economy Committee establishes a future strategy for hydrogen technology and promotes hydrogen production, storage, and utilization throughout the hydrogen industry. Various projects are underway, and it is expected that the number of new hydrogen production facilities and hydrogen charging stations will continue to increase.

In the case of water electrolysis production technology, hydrogen leading countries have already commercialized water electrolysis production technology, but domestic technology is only at 60% of this level. We recognize that it is necessary, and we plan to increase the capacity of water electrolysis, which is commercially available worldwide, through public-private collaboration R&D, and to promote localization and high efficiency in stages.

In the case of PEM water electrolysis, secure MEA structure optimization technology for low-cost, localization, high efficiency, and high durability of core materials (catalyst, electrolyte, etc.) and parts (separator, gasket, etc.) (Input PGM catalyst amount 1.5~3mg/cm2 → 0.8mg/cm2 for 30 years), and by 2050, the private sector led the goal of achieving a water electrolysis stack efficiency of 45kWh/kg at the level of leading countries.

Based on water electrolysis stack and facility technology, NEXON STAR participates in various hydrogen projects and R&D projects led by the government and local governments, as well as various private projects and NEXON STAR’s own The project is also planned to be carried out at the same time, and the government's hydrogen industry-related laws and systems are introduced (enactment of the Hydrogen Business Act, introduction of a hydrogen power generation bidding market, implementation of a clean energy generation obligatory system, Korean model We plan to expand the business scope by discovering business models according to the introduction of the clean hydrogen certification system, etc.).

hydrogen
Short term (~5 years)	Mid- to long-term (5-10 years)
- Securing original technology for hydrogen production by water electrolysis (1~2MW class)	- Semi-commercial (10MW) water electrolysis system demonstration and core materials, Localization of parts, construction of commercial-grade liquefaction plant (5 tons/day)
- Development of key technologies for gaseous hydrogen storage and transportation and hydrogen power generation
Hydrogen production by water electrolysis ▶Hydrogen storage and transportation ▶Hydrogen fuel electricity and power generation

	1.localization of clean hydrogen production technology	2.hydrogen storage • Advancement of transportation technology	3.solidifying No.1 in hydrogen utilization technology
promotion strategies
promotion task	① localization of major water electrolysis production technologies ② securing next-generation water electrolysis production technology ③ future hydrogen production technology source research	① advancement of maritime transportation and storage technology ② localization of hydrogen supply technology nationwide ③ future hydrogen production technology source research	① securing a super gap in fuel cell vehicle Technology ② preoccupying next-generation mobility technology ③ development of core technology for clean hydrogen power generation

[ 3 major promotion strategies and 9 major promotion tasks (draft) ]

PEM Water Electrolysis Equipment Manufacturing Business

Securing domestic and overseas local manufacturing facilities
Promotion of PEM water electrolysis original patented technology-based project business

The water electrolysis facility is a device that actually produces hydrogen by decomposing supplied water. Unit parts such as electrodes, separators, separators, and cell frames are stacked from several to hundreds of sheets according to the required output. A stack composed of a combination of cells made and devices constituting a hydrogen production facility, such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, gas-liquid separators required for operating environment control and post-treatment process It consists of peripheral facilities (BOP, Balance of plant).

Depending on the type of separator and electrolyte used, the water electrolysis device can be divided into solid oxide (SOECs) water electrolysis, polymer electrolyte (PEM) water electrolysis, alkaline (AEC) water electrolysis, and anion exchange membrane (AEM). It is classified as water electrolysis and is classified into high temperature water electrolysis (SOECs) and low temperature water electrolysis (PEMEC, AEC, AEMEC) according to the driving temperature.

PEM water electrolysis technology is evaluated as an energy-efficient method due to its high current density (above 2 A/cm2), low operating temperature of 20–80°C, and small size of the device, reducing the cost of production facilities. It has the advantage of being miniaturized and the best in terms of maintenance and repair, and since pure water is used as a raw material without using an electrolyte, the purity of the hydrogen produced is very high. It is expected to become a standard technology in the future water electrolysis hydrogen production field.

From an operational point of view, PEM water electrolysis is advantageous for pressurized hydrogen production and load fluctuation operation because there is little crossover between hydrogen and oxygen. This is the most advantageous technique.

NEXON STAR developed a product with the original patented technology of the stack, a key device of PEM water electrolysis, obtained the result of the global technology level in the performance evaluation of a government-funded research institute, and applied it. We manufacture water electrolysis products.

[ NEXON STAR PEM water electrolysis facility ]

[ Source: KIER ]

[ Water electrolysis market size ]

[ Comparison of water electrolysis methods ]

Government and Local Government Development and Demonstration Projects

Participation in government and local government hydrogen-related technology development projects and demonstration projects
Sales expansion through new technology certification, KGS certification, and procurement registration, further acceleration when enacting green hydrogen subsidy system

In the domestic hydrogen industry, product development is being carried out by national policy or corporate research and development as a competitive dimension of the energy industry in the long term, regardless of economic fluctuations. It is expected that continuous development will proceed, and the green hydrogen subsidy system proposed by the National Assembly, such as the hydrogen support policy of advanced countries (production cost difference between green hydrogen and gray hydrogen by about 3 to 4 times support) is introduced, it is expected that the supply of green hydrogen will be further accelerated.

NEXON STAR plans to grow as a leading participant in large-scale government projects after being recognized for its technology by actively participating in government technology development and demonstration projects. We plan to expand our sales through sales of government and local government facilities in the form of procurement registration after the Korea Gas Corporation certification has been completed.

[ The 5th hydrogen economy committee- Korean hydrogen economy ecosystem model ]

Promotion Strategies	1. Localization of clean hydrogen production technology
	① Localization of major water electrolysis production technologies ② Securing next-generation water electrolysis production technology ③ Support for future hydrogen production technology source research
	2. Advancement of storage and transportation technology for hydrogen supply
	① Advancement of maritime transportation and storage technology for the introduction of overseas hydrogen ② Localization of hydrogen supply technology in demand centers across the country ③ Securing international standards and certification system for storage and transportation technology
	3. Consolidation of No. 1 in hydrogen utilization (transportation and power generation) technology
	① Securing a Super Gap in Fuel Cell Vehicle Technology ② Selected as next-generation mobility technology ③ Development of core technologies to expand clean hydrogen power generation

[ Source: Hydrogen technology future strategy 2022 ]

Clean (green) Hydrogen Production and Sales Business

Government 2030 clean hydrogen self-sufficiency rate 34%
60% target by 2050 Establishment of domestic and overseas production supply chain

In 2050, domestic demand for hydrogen is expected to soar to 169,000 tons, seven times higher than in 2015. Cars will be used and power generation through hydrogen (15%) can also be universalized.

To this end, the government has launched the H2 STAR Project (Clean Hydrogen Value Chain Project) to stably produce hydrogen overseas by investing domestic production and domestic capital and technology. We plan to build 40 overseas hydrogen supply chains by 2050.

NEXON STAR utilizes the advantage of having hydrogen production technology as its own technology to apply for a domestic hydrogen production construction project competition and participate in large-scale overseas hydrogen production projects and long-term As a plan, we plan to build our own hydrogen production complex and supply it to transport means for land, sea, and air (drone, etc.), home/building, distributed power generation, and large-scale power generation.

In addition, we plan to expand sales by securing hydrogen demand sources as various chemical raw materials and raw materials for products, and expand our business to establish hydrogen production bases overseas.

[ Conceptual diagram of a hydrogen production base ]

Energy Self-sufficient Complex Charging Station Construction and Operation Business

Hydrogen and electricity complex charging station of water electrolysis type on-site supply method
Construction and operation of a next-generation water electrolysis complex charging station that produces hydrogen using self-supporting renewable energy

There are about 230,000 hydrogen vehicles worldwide, including 16 hydrogen trains, and the number of commercial hydrogen vehicles in Korea is about 25,000 (October 22). The range can be said to be very broad.

Hydrogen fuel vehicles and hydrogen fuel cells, which are the core of the hydrogen energy business, require hydrogen stations, which are the base industries, and according to the government's announcement of the hydrogen industry roadmap, 2022 As of April, it is expected that 167 hydrogen filling stations nationwide will be built up to 1,200 by 2040, and a full-fledged demand for hydrogen infrastructure facilities is expected to arise in Korea.

According to the government’s plan for the 5th Hydrogen Economy Committee in November 2022, renewable energy and fuel cells are installed together to expand “self-generation convergence charging stations (energy super stations)”. The plan is to spread the supply of fuel cells and diversify distributed resources by developing small hydrogen turbines, hydrogen engines, and mobile models.

The self-powered convergence charging station promoted by the government is a model that corresponds to NEXON STAR's patents of "Energy Self-Sufficient Water Electrolysis System" and "Energy Self-Sufficient Solar Power Generation System". By operating an “on-site energy self-sufficient complex charging station” demonstration project that can produce and charge hydrogen and electricity on site in the form of on-site and operating a charging station built in-house, We are also planning to expand overseas hydrogen charging station business after domestic demonstration.

In the case of NEXON STAR's large-scale charging station, the hydrogen produced at the master charging station is compressed, gasified, or liquefied, and supplied to branch charging stations and mobile hydrogen charging vehicles. A business model for charging station operation is also being prepared, and NEXON STAR's energy self-sufficient complex charging station has proven its CDM and VCM business feasibility, enabling additional revenue from hydrogen sales. model.

[ Large-scale Nexon Star on-site energy self-supporting complex charging station model ]

Clean (Green) Hydrogen City Project

Establishment of 30% hydrogen city by local governments nationwide by 2030
NEXON STAR, a member of the Hydrogen City Convergence Forum, participates in hydrogen production and charging station patent technology-based projects

A hydrogen city equipped with a ‘hydrogen ecosystem’ that uses hydrogen as a fuel for major city functions such as air conditioning, heating, electricity, and transportation is a government-led hydrogen city expansion phase of 10% of local governments nationwide by 2030. It is being developed with the goal of upgrading 30% of local governments nationwide by 2040. In the hydrogen pilot city, apartment houses using hydrogen as an energy source (installation of 440 kW fuel cells), commercial buildings (100 kW), integrated operation platform (center), hydrogen pipes, city gas extractors, etc. you will enter.

Multi-unit housing complexes and individual buildings in the pilot city will use hydrogen as an energy source for air conditioning, heating and electricity, and a transportation system will be established based on hydrogen energy within the city. A total of 140,750 buses and 2,100 buses are in operation, and for this purpose, hydrogen car and hydrogen bus charging stations will be installed in complex transfer centers, parking lots, and bus garages.

NEXON STAR is a member of the Hydrogen City Convergence Forum of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korea, and has a core patented technology for hydrogen production and water electrolysis, and a hydrogen charging station system that is an essential element of transportation infrastructure. It also holds patents, so it plans to lead the business as a key player in the hydrogen city business.

[ Hydrogen city model ]

Clean (green) Hydrogen Housing/Village Business

Expansion of zero-energy building certification system to public institutions and private new buildings
NEXON STAR aims to expand its market share by supplying customized facilities and systems for various purposes

Energy produced using solar power is stored in secondary batteries and used when needed. At this time, hydrogen is produced and stored with electricity produced by sunlight instead of secondary batteries. Hydrogen fuel cells are used to use electricity whenever needed. When hydrogen is produced and stored that does not lose efficiency even when stored for a long time, stable power can be supplied. can.

According to the current status of fuel cell supply for housing and buildings by the Korea Energy Agency, 4.8MW in 2019 and 6.8MW in 2020, and 2.1GW of fuel cells for housing and buildings by 2040 (940,000 households) For supply, the market is expanding, such as reviewing the mandatory fuel cell for public institutions and private new buildings. From 2020, the government made zero-energy building certification mandatory for public buildings with a total floor area of 1,000㎡ or more, and from 2024, private buildings with a total floor area of 1,000㎡ or more It has been decided to expand the scope of compulsory housing to multi-unit dwellings with 30 or more households.

NEXON STAR's water electrolysis equipment has the advantage of supplying products of various standards depending on the use such as single-family homes, small villages, school dormitories, office facilities, and commercial facilities. We plan to increase our market share with differentiated competitiveness from other companies, such as supplying generated hot water and solving incoming power using patented self-supporting energy technology.

[ Green hydrogen housing model ]

[ Trends in zero energy building certification ]

Clean (Green) Hydrogen Power Generation System (CHPS) Project

2023 Hydrogen supply ratio system and hydrogen power generation bidding market in earnest
Mandatory supply increased by 65.9% from the previous year, and demand increased due to the proposal of the Green Hydrogen Subsidy Act, etc.

With the enforcement of the 'Hydrogen Act' revision, from 2023, electric businesses of a certain size or higher must fill a portion of their power generation with hydrogen power generation. Hydrogen Energy Portfolio Standards and the hydrogen power generation bidding market will be established and implemented, and the domestic hydrogen industry ecosystem is expected to form in earnest.

The power generation business operator must bear the obligation to purchase or supply a certain portion of electricity produced using hydrogen as fuel through hydrogen fuel cells or hydrogen gas turbines. In addition to introducing a clean hydrogen certification system that classifies carbon-free hydrogen, low-carbon hydrogen, and low-carbon hydrogen compounds according to the degree of greenhouse gas emissions during the production and import process, hydrogen charging stations and Operators of the same hydrogen fuel supply facility and operators using hydrogen as raw material or fuel must sell or use more than a certain percentage of hydrogen sales or usage as clean hydrogen. This includes the imposition of obligations on the sale and use of clean hydrogen.

In the National Assembly, a subsidy bill to support the production difference between gray hydrogen and gray hydrogen, which has a low production price, has been proposed to secure the competitiveness of green hydrogen, and the production of water electrolysis facilities that produce hydrogen Demand is expected to increase significantly.

NEXON STAR plans to supply clean hydrogen production water electrolysis facilities in accordance with the CHPS system through public orders and private power generation projects. We plan to commercialize the supply of electricity produced with clean hydrogen as fuel through PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) with power generation companies).

Carbon Emission Rights (CDM, VCM) Trading Business

Acquisition of CER through project business (SPC) and sales in the domestic emission permit market
$2 billion in VCM, more than 3x growth over the previous year

Overseas carbon credits projects are part of the CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) market, which is developed by investing in greenhouse gas emission reduction projects in developing countries. Renewable energy-based GHG reduction program business is a business that can acquire credit CER (Certified Emission Reductions) and sell it to countries subject to reduction obligations such as Korea. With the expansion, CDM business registration is on the rise, and renewable energy business accounts for the largest portion at 75.3% of the total.

The privately-led voluntary carbon market (VCM) is a market-oriented, autonomous structure that does not involve direct supervision by the government or regulatory body. It has grown more than three times compared to the previous year to $ 2 billion, and the market is looking for ways to support the expansion of companies that declare carbon neutrality (net-zero) and the government's activation of the private carbon market. expected to be active.

NEXON STAR regenerates “Energy Self-Sufficient Solar Power Generation System” and “Energy Self-Sufficient Complex Charging Station” not only domestically but also overseas, whose CDM and VCM projects have been verified through carbon credit diagnosis. Emission rights secured through the establishment and operation of SPC in the energy power generation business can be secured through the domestic emission rights (offset emission rights KCU, Korean Credit Unit) market or the global market. plan.

The UNFCCC CDM project can operate for more than 20 years and issue emission permits for up to 21 years.

[ Average daily trading volume and trading volume ]

[ KAU price ]

RE100 Business

Predicted up to 40% drop in sales in case of non-participation in RE100
NEXON STAR supplies RE100 system through Green Energy Direct Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) project

Global companies such as Google and Apple have already achieved RE100 or renewable energy with the goal of 100% use of renewable energy by 2030, as well as the introduction of carbon border taxes in each country around the world. We are further expanding the use of renewable energy and are demanding the expansion of renewable energy for domestic companies that do business with us.

As of January 2023, there are more than 75 RE100 member companies in Korea, including 28 companies such as Samsung and SK, as well as multinational companies operating in Korea, but only 2% of the total power consumption comes from renewable energy. Korea's renewable energy conversion rate is not meeting the level demanded by the international community, and if it does not participate in RE100, semiconductor 15%, battery 31%, display As sales are predicted to plummet by 40% (KDI, Energy Economics Institute 2021), Korean companies' implementation of RE100 is urgent.

Global companies are requesting the direct PPA method (33%) from their partners as a means of implementing RE100, and the preferred method of implementation by domestic companies is also the direct PPA method (27%).

NEXON STAR supplies enterprise-specific customized RE100 systems based on energy-independent water electrolysis systems to secure 24-hour power generation and emergency power for static power supply and Direct Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) business in which hydrogen can be transported to other factories or city office buildings to produce electricity, system supply to customers for self-generation, and power generation business We plan to expand businesses such as equity investment and system supply to PPA operators.

VPP Operation Business

Expansion of the distributed resource market by increasing renewable energy and hydrogen power generation
NEXON STAR creates brokerage business and related added value by establishing a VPP platform, expanding overseas

In response to the era in which the structure of the electric power industry is changing due to the emergence of various energy sources represented by new and renewable energy and distributed generation, the VPP (Virtual Power Plant) market is is expanding. VPP uses ICT (Information & Communications Technology) and automatic control technology to participate in the power market and operate a power system using various distributed energy sources It refers to a system that connects and controls a set of distributed resources recruited for the purpose of contribution and operates them as a single power plant.

An Aggregator is an entity that creates value by collecting and optimizing various distributed resources or promoting exchange. It is a new type of market participant.

NEXON STAR utilizes overseas ICT corporations to build systems and collects and optimizes assets owned by various customers to create various business models based on profits. In addition, it not only plays the role of forecasting and balancing for flexible management of electricity trading, but also provides services such as facility O&M of distributed resource holders and various administrative tasks. We plan to expand and operate the VPP platform overseas.

[ VPP (Virtual Power Plant) concept map ]

[ VPP conceptual diagram ]